17. Sattarasamavaggo

1. Atthi arahato puññūpacayakathāvaṇṇanā

776-779. Idāni atthi arahato puññūpacayotikathā nāma hoti. Tattha yesaṃ arahato dānasaṃvibhāgacetiyavandanādīni kammāni disvā atthi arahato puññūpacayoti laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘arahā nāma pahīnapuññapāpo, so yadi puññaṃ kareyya, pāpampi kareyyā’’ti codetuṃ apuññūpacayoti āha. Itaro pāṇātipātādikiriyaṃ apassanto paṭikkhipati. Puññābhisaṅkhārantiādīsu bhavagāmikammaṃ arahato natthīti paṭikkhipati. Dānaṃ dadeyyātiādīsu kiriyacittena dānādipavattisabbhāvato sakavādī paṭijānāti. Itaro cittaṃ anādiyitvā kiriyāpavattimattadassaneneva laddhiṃ patiṭṭhapeti. Sā pana ayoniso patiṭṭhāpitattā appatiṭṭhāpitā hotīti.

Atthi arahato puññūpacayotikathāvaṇṇanā.

2. Natthi arahato akālamaccūtikathāvaṇṇanā

780. Idāni natthi arahato akālamaccūtikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sañcetanikānaṃ kammānaṃ katānaṃ upacitānaṃ apaṭisaṃveditvā byantībhāvaṃ vadāmī’’ti (a. ni. 10.217) suttassa atthaṃ ayoniso gahetvā ‘‘arahatā nāma sabbakammavipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedayitvāva parinibbāyitabbaṃ, tasmā natthi, arahato akālamaccū’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi rājagirikānañceva siddhatthikānañca; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘sace tassa natthi akālamaccu, arahantaghātakena nāma na bhavitabba’’nti codetuṃ natthi arahantaghātakoti āha. Itaro ānantariyakammassa ceva tādisānañca puggalānaṃ sabbhāvato paṭikkhipati.

781.Visaṃ na kameyyāti pañhe ‘‘yāva pubbe katakammaṃ parikkhayaṃ na gacchati, tāva na kamatī’’ti laddhiyā paṭikkhipati. Sesamettha yathāpāḷimeva niyyāti.

782.Nāhaṃ,bhikkhaveti suttaṃ idaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – sañcetanikānaṃ kammānaṃ katānaṃ vipākaṃ apaṭisaṃveditvā avinditvā ananubhavitvā byantībhāvaṃ tesaṃ kammānaṃ parivaṭumaparicchinnabhāvaṃ na vadāmi, tañca kho diṭṭhadhammavedanīyānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme, na tato paraṃ, upapajjavedanīyānaṃ anantaraṃ upapattiṃ upapajjitvāva na tato paraṃ, aparāpariyavedanīyānaṃ yadā vipākokāsaṃ labhanti, tathārūpe aparāpare vā pariyāye. Evaṃ sabbathāpi saṃsārapavatte sati laddhavipākavāre kamme na vijjateso jagatippadeso, yatthaṭṭhito mucceyya pāpakammāti. Evaṃ sante yadetaṃ ‘‘aladdhavipākavārampi kammaṃ avassaṃ arahato paṭisaṃveditabba’’nti kappanāvasena ‘‘natthi arahato akālamaccū’’ti laddhipatiṭṭhāpanaṃ kataṃ, taṃ dukkaṭamevāti.

Natthi arahato akālamaccūtikathāvaṇṇanā.

3. Sabbamidaṃ kammatotikathāvaṇṇanā

783. Idāni sabbamidaṃ kammatotikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘kammunā vattati loko’’ti suttaṃ nissāya ‘‘sabbamidaṃ kammakilesavipākavaṭṭaṃ kammatova hotī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi , seyyathāpi rājagirikānañceva siddhatthikānañca; te sandhāya sabbamidanti pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘evaṃ sante kammampi kammato āpajjatī’’ti codetuṃ kammampi kammatoti āha. Itaro yadi kammampi kammatova nāma taṃ kammaṃ vipākoyeva siyāti paṭikkhipati. Pubbekatahetūti ‘‘yadi sabbamidaṃ kammato, pubbekatahetunā tena bhavitabba’’nti codetuṃ pucchati, itaro pubbekatahetuvādabhayena paṭikkhipati.

784.Kammavipākatoti ‘‘yadi sabbamidaṃ kammato, yaṃ atītabhave pavattassa hetubhūtaṃ kammaṃ, tampi purimatare bhave kammatoti kammavipāko sampajjati, tena te sabbamidaṃ kammavipākato āpajjatī’’ti codetuṃ pucchati. Itaro bījato aṃkurasseva paccuppannapavattassa kammato nibbattiṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati. Dutiyaṃ puṭṭho tassāpi kammassa bījassa purimabījato viya purimakammato pavattattā paṭijānāti. Pāṇaṃ haneyyātiādi ‘‘yadi sabbaṃ kammavipākato, pāṇātipātādīni kammavipākeneva kareyyā’’ti codetuṃ vuttaṃ. Itaro dussīlyacetanāpi purimakammanibbattā ekena pariyāyena vipākoyevāti laddhiyā paṭijānāti. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi te pāṇātipāto kammavipākato nibbattati, pāṇātipāto viya vipākopi saphalo āpajjatī’’ti codetuṃ saphaloti āha. Itaro pāṇātipātassa nirayasaṃvattanikādibhāvato saphalataṃ passanto paṭijānāti. Kammavipākassa pana idaṃ nāma phalanti vuttaṭṭhānaṃ apassanto paṭikkhipati. Adinnādānādīsupi eseva nayo. Gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhāro saphaloti deyyadhammavasena dānaphalaṃ pucchati. Kammunā vattatīti suttaṃ ‘‘natthi kamma’’nti akammavāditaṃ paṭikkhipitvā ‘‘atthi kamma’’nti kammavāditaṃ kammassakataṃ dīpeti. Na sabbasseva kammato nibbattiṃ, tasmā asādhakanti.

Sabbamidaṃ kammatotikathāvaṇṇanā.

4. Indriyabaddhakathāvaṇṇanā

786-787. Idāni indriyabaddhakathā nāma hoti. Tattha duvidhaṃ dukkhaṃ – indriyabaddhaṃ, anindriyabaddhañca. Indriyabaddhaṃ dukkhavatthutāya dukkhaṃ, anindriyabaddhaṃ udayabbayapaṭipīḷanaṭṭhena ‘‘yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkha’’nti saṅgahitattā dukkhaṃ. Imaṃ vibhāgaṃ aggahetvā ‘‘yassa pariññāya bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ vussati, taṃ indriyabaddhameva dukkhaṃ, na itara’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi hetuvādānaṃ, tesaṃ itarassāpi dukkhabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ indriyabaddhaññevāti pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yasmā bhagavatā ‘yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkha’nti vuttaṃ, tasmā indriyabaddheneva tena aniccena bhavitabba’’nti codetuṃ indriyabaddhaññeva aniccantiādimāha. Nanuanindriyabaddhaṃ aniccanti nanu pathavīpabbatapāsāṇādi anindriyabaddhampi aniccanti attho.

788.Na vattabbaṃ indriyabaddhaññeva dukkhanti pañhe āmantāti paṭiññā sakavādissa. Anindriyabaddhañhi dukkhadomanassānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hoti. Uṇhakālasmiñhi aggi sītakāle ca vāto dukkhassa ārammaṇaṃ, niccampi bhogavināsādayo domanassassa. Tasmā vināpi aniccaṭṭhena anindriyabaddhaṃ dukkhanti vattabbaṃ. Kammakilesehi pana anibbattattā dukkhaṃ ariyasaccanti na vattabbaṃ, tathā maggena apariññeyyattā. Yasmā pana tiṇakaṭṭhādinirodho vā utubījādinirodho vā dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ nāma na hoti, tasmā indriyabaddhaṃ dukkhañceva ariyasaccañca, itaraṃ pana dukkhamevāti idaṃ nānattaṃ dassetuṃ paṭijānāti. Yathā indriyabaddhassātiādivacanaṃ indriyabaddhassa pariññāya brahmacariyavāsaṃ pariññātassa puna anuppattiṃ dīpeti. Tenevettha sakavādinā paṭikkhepo kato. ‘‘Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkha’’nti vacanena pana saṅgahitassa anindriyabaddhassa dukkhabhāvaṃ paṭisedhetuṃ na sakkāti, tasmā asādhakanti.

Indriyabaddhakathāvaṇṇanā.

5. Ṭhapetvā ariyamaggantikathāvaṇṇanā

789-790. Idāni ṭhapetvā ariyamaggantikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘yasmā ariyamaggo ‘dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadā’ti vutto, tasmā ṭhapetvā ariyamaggaṃ avasesā saṅkhārā dukkhā’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi hetuvādānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi evaṃ samudayassāpi dukkhabhāvo āpajjatī’’ti codetuṃ dukkhasamudayopīti āha. Itaro hetulakkhaṇaṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati. Puna puṭṭho pavattapariyāpannabhāvaṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Tīṇevāti pañhesu suttavirodhabhayena paṭikkhipati, laddhivasena paṭijānāti. Sesamettha uttānatthamevāti.

Ṭhapetvā ariyamaggantikathāvaṇṇanā.

6. Na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ paṭiggaṇhātītikathāvaṇṇanā

791-792. Idāni na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ paṭiggaṇhātītikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘paramatthato maggaphalāneva saṅgho, maggaphalehi añño saṅgho nāma natthi, maggaphalāni ca na kiñci paṭiggaṇhanti, tasmā na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ paṭiggaṇhātī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi etarahi mahāpuññavādīsaṅkhātānaṃ vetullakānaṃ; te sandhāya na vattabbanti pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi saṅgho na paṭiggaṇheyya, na naṃ satthā āhuneyyātiādīhi thomeyyā’’ti codetuṃ nanu saṅgho āhuneyyotiādimāha. Saṅghassa dānaṃ dentīti ‘‘ye te saṅghassa denti, te paṭiggāhakesu asati kassa dadeyyu’’nti codanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Āhutiṃ jātavedo vāti suttaṃ parasamayato āgataṃ. Tattha mahāmeghanti meghavuṭṭhiṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Vuṭṭhiñhi medanī paṭiggaṇhāti, na meghameva. Maggo paṭiggaṇhātīti ‘‘maggaphalāni saṅgho’’ti laddhiyā vadati, na ca maggaphalāneva saṅgho. Maggaphalapātubhāvaparisuddhe pana khandhe upādāya paññattā aṭṭha puggalā saṅgho, tasmā asādhakametanti.

Na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ paṭiggaṇhātītikathāvaṇṇanā.

7. Na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetītikathāvaṇṇanā

793-794. Idāni na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetītikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘maggaphalāneva saṅgho nāma, na ca tāni dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetuṃ sakkonti, tasmā na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi tesaññeva; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Āhuneyyotiādi ‘‘yadi saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya, na naṃ satthā evaṃ thomeyyā’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Visodhetīti mahapphalaṃ karoti. Saṅghasmiñhi appaṃ dinnaṃ bahu hoti, bahu dinnaṃ bahutaraṃ. Dakkhiṇeyyāti dakkhiṇārahā dakkhiṇāya anucchavikā, dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetuṃ samatthāti attho. Dakkhiṇaṃ ārādhentīti sampādenti, appamattikāyapi dakkhiṇāya mahantaṃ phalaṃ pāpuṇantīti attho. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayamevāti.

Na vattabbaṃ saṅgho dakkhiṇaṃ visodhetītikathāvaṇṇanā.

8. Na vattabbaṃ saṅgho bhuñjatītikathāvaṇṇanā

795-796. Idāni na vattabbaṃ saṅgho bhuñjatītikathā nāma hoti. Tatrāpi ‘‘maggaphalāneva saṅgho nāma, na ca tāni kiñci bhuñjanti, tasmā na vattabbaṃ saṅgho bhuñjati, pivati, khādati, sāyatī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi tesaṃyeva; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi saṅgho na bhuñjeyya, saṅghabhattādikaraṇaṃ niratthakaṃ bhaveyyā’’ti codetuṃ nanu atthi keci saṅghabhattāni karontītiādimāha. Gaṇabhojanantiādi ‘‘yadi saṅgho na bhuñjeyya, kassa gaṇabhojanādīni siyu’’nti codanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Aṭṭha pānānīti idampi ‘‘yadi saṅgho na piveyya, kassetāni pānāni satthā anujāneyyā’’ti codanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesamidhāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbanti.

Na vattabbaṃ saṅgho bhuñjatītikathāvaṇṇanā.

9. Na vattabbaṃ saṅghassa dinnaṃ mahapphalantikathāvaṇṇanā

797-798. Idāni na vattabbaṃ saṅghassa dinnaṃ mahapphalantikathā nāma hoti. Tatrāpi ‘‘maggaphalāneva saṅgho nāma, na ca sakkā tesaṃ kiñci dātuṃ, na ca tehi paṭiggaṇhituṃ, nāpi tesaṃ dānena koci upakāro ijjhati, tasmā na vattabbaṃ saṅghassa dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi tesaṃyeva; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Āhuneyyotiādi ‘‘yadi saṅghassa dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ na bhaveyya, na naṃ satthā evaṃ thomeyyā’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ yathāpāḷimeva niyyātīti.

Na vattabbaṃ saṅghassa dinnaṃ mahapphalantikathāvaṇṇanā.

10. Na vattabbaṃ buddhassa dinnaṃ mahapphalantikathāvaṇṇanā

799. Idāni na vattabbaṃ buddhassa dinnaṃ mahapphalantikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘buddho bhagavā na kiñci paribhuñjati, lokānuvattanatthaṃ pana paribhuñjamānaṃ viya attānaṃ dasseti, tasmā nirupakārattā na vattabbaṃ tasmiṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi tesaṃyeva; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Dvipadānaṃ aggotiādi ‘‘manussadussīlepi dānaṃ sahassaguṇaṃ hoti, kimaṅgaṃ pana evarūpe aggapuggale’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesamettha yathāpāḷimeva niyyātīti.

Na vattabbaṃ buddhassa dinnaṃ mahapphalantikathāvaṇṇanā.

11. Dakkhiṇāvisuddhikathāvaṇṇanā

800-801. Idāni dakkhiṇāvisuddhikathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘yadi paṭiggāhakato dakkhiṇā visujjheyya, mahapphalā bhaveyya. Dāyakena dānaṃ dinnaṃ, paṭiggāhakena vipāko nibbattitoti añño aññassa kārako bhaveyya, paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ āpajjeyya, añño kareyya, añño paṭisaṃvedeyya. Tasmā dāyakatova dānaṃ visujjhati, no paṭiggāhakato, dāyakasseva cittavisuddhi vipākadāyikā hotī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi uttarāpathakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Āhuneyyātiādi ‘‘yadi paṭiggāhakato dānaṃ na visujjheyya, kimassa āhuneyyādibhāvo kareyyā’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Añño aññassa kārakoti yadi dāyakassa dānacetanā paṭiggāhakena katā bhaveyya, yuttarūpaṃ siyā. Tassa pana dānacetanā parisuddhā paṭiggāhakasaṅkhātaṃ vatthuṃ paṭicca mahāvipākaṭṭhena visujjhati, tasmā acodanā esā ‘‘paṭiggāhakato dānaṃ visujjhatī’’ti.

Dakkhiṇāvisuddhikathāvaṇṇanā.

Sattarasamo vaggo.